Breastfeeding has been linked to a lower risk of various health conditions for both the baby and the mother.

BBreastfeeding is widely recognised as the optimal way to nourish and care for a newborn baby. There are numerous benefits to both the baby and the mother, making breastfeeding an essential and valuable aspect of early infant care. While breastfeeding is a natural and beneficial way to nourish a newborn, not all new mothers can breastfeed for several reasons. The ability to breastfeed can be influenced by both medical and personal factors. And even mothers who choose to breastfeed are faced with doubts and misgivings. Let us have a look at some of the most frequent questions that moms-to-be, and new moms have while deciding on whether or not to breastfeed their baby.

 

Benefits of Breastfeeding

 

Q: Why is breastfeeding important?

 

Here are some key reasons why breastfeeding is important for newborns:

 

Nutrition: Breast milk is a complete and balanced source of nutrition for a newborn. It contains the right balance of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals necessary for a baby’s growth and development during the first six months of life.

 

Immune System Support: Breast milk is rich in antibodies, enzymes, and other immune factors that help protect the baby from infections and illnesses. It provides passive immunity, helping the baby’s developing immune system fight off various diseases.

 

Digestion: Breast milk is easily digestible, reducing the risk of digestive issues and providing comfort to the baby.

 

Growth and Development: Breastfeeding is associated with optimal growth and development of the baby’s brain and nervous system. The nutrients and bioactive compounds in breast milk support cognitive development.

 

Bonding and Emotional Connection: Breastfeeding fosters a strong emotional bond between the baby and the mother. The skin-to-skin contact and eye contact during breastfeeding promote feelings of comfort, security, and love.

 

Reduced Risk of Certain Health Conditions: Breastfeeding has been linked to a lower risk of various health conditions for both the baby and the mother. For the baby, these may include lower rates of ear infections, respiratory infections, allergies, obesity, and certain chronic diseases later in life. For the mother, breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of breast and ovarian cancers and helps with postpartum weight loss.

 

Postpartum Recovery: Breastfeeding triggers the release of hormones that aid in the mother’s postpartum recovery, helping the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size and reducing postpartum bleeding.

 

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Q: For how long should you breastfeed your baby?

 

Breastfeeding Duration Recommendations:

 

1. Exclusive Breastfeeding (First 6 Months):

Recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP).

Babies should receive only breast milk for the first six months after birth, with no other foods or drinks, including water.

 

2. Introduction of Solid Foods (Around 6 Months):

After six months, solid foods should be introduced while continuing to breastfeed, after consulting with the paediatrician.

Ensure that the solid foods are nutrient-rich and complement breast milk to meet the baby’s growing nutritional needs.

 

3. Continued Breastfeeding (Up to at Least 12 Months):

You can continue breastfeeding, along with complementary foods, until the baby is 12 months of age. If you want to stop, consult with your doctor, and wean off the baby gently.

Breast milk continues to provide essential nutrients and immune factors, supporting the baby’s health and development.

 

4. Personal Choice for Continued Breastfeeding (Beyond 12 Months):

After 12 months, the decision to continue breastfeeding is personal and can be based on the mother’s and baby’s preferences, health conditions, and lifestyle.

Some mothers choose to breastfeed for two years or longer if it is mutually satisfying and practical for both.

 

The Choice to Breastfeed

 

Q: Can all new mothers breastfeed their babies?

 

Most new mothers can breastfeed. Milk secretion or lactation is a natural process that is set into motion automatically. However, medical, and personal factors determine whether the mother breastfeeds her baby. Here are some common reasons why not all new mothers may be able to breastfeed:

 

Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as certain infections, certain medications, untreated tuberculosis or HIV, or active drug use, may make breastfeeding unsafe or not recommended for the health of the baby or the mother.

 

Breast Surgery or Anatomical Issues: Some women may have had breast surgery or have anatomical issues with their breasts that can affect milk production or the baby’s ability to latch properly.

 

Insufficient Milk Supply: While most women can produce enough milk to meet their baby’s needs, some may struggle with low milk supply, making exclusive breastfeeding challenging.

 

Maternal Health Concerns: Some mothers may have health concerns, such as severe postpartum depression or other mental health issues, which can affect their ability or desire to breastfeed.

 

Baby’s Health Issues: In some cases, the baby may have health conditions that make breastfeeding difficult or unsafe, requiring alternative feeding methods.

 

Personal Choice: Some mothers may choose not to breastfeed due to personal preferences, work commitments, or other reasons.

 

Baby’s Growth & Development

 

Q: How to tell if your baby is getting enough breastmilk?

 

Knowing if a baby is getting enough breast milk is essential for ensuring their proper growth and development. Here are some signs that indicate a baby is getting enough breast milk:

 

Weight Gain: A well-fed baby will steadily gain weight. In the first few days after birth, it is normal for babies to lose a small amount of weight. However, by the end of the first week, they should start gaining weight consistently. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help monitor the baby’s weight gain.

 

Wet Diapers: A baby who is getting enough breast milk will have an adequate number of wet diapers. For the first few days, the baby may have only a few wet diapers, but after the mother’s milk comes in, the baby should have at least six to eight wet diapers per day.

 

Dirty Diapers: Similarly, the baby should have bowel movements regularly after the first few days. Breastfed babies may have frequent, soft, and mustard-yellow stools.

 

Satisfied After Feeding: A baby who is getting enough breast milk will appear content and satisfied after breastfeeding. They may appear relaxed, and content, and may even fall asleep after a feeding.

 

Audible Swallowing: You may hear the baby swallowing while nursing. This indicates that they are actively taking in milk.

 

Breast Softening: After feeding, the breast may feel softer, indicating that the baby has effectively emptied the breast.

 

Alertness and Energy: A well-fed baby will be alert and have good energy levels. They will be responsive and engage with their surroundings.

 

Steady Growth: The baby’s growth, as measured by length and head circumference, should also be steady and within the expected range.

 

Breastfeeding And Diet

 

Q: What kind of food can a breastfeeding mother have?

 

A breastfeeding mother’s diet should include a variety of nutritious foods to ensure she maintains her own health and provides essential nutrients for her baby through breast milk. Here are some key foods that are beneficial for breastfeeding mothers:

 

Fruits and Vegetables: Include a wide range of colourful fruits and vegetables in your diet. They are rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fibre. Aim for a variety of options to get a diverse array of nutrients.

 

Whole Grains: Choose whole grains like brown rice, oats, whole wheat bread, and whole grain pasta.

 

Protein Sources: Include lean proteins in your diet, such as chicken, turkey, fish, tofu, legumes (beans, lentils, chickpeas), and dairy products (yoghurt, cottage cheese).

 

Healthy Fats: Consume sources of healthy fats like avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fatty fish (salmon, trout) and chia seeds are especially important for brain development in the baby.

 

Dairy Products: Low-fat dairy products like milk, yoghurt, and cheese are good sources of calcium and other nutrients.

 

Fluids: Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day. Breastfeeding can increase your need for fluids, so drink to thirst.

 

Iron-Rich Foods: Incorporate iron-rich foods such as lean meats, poultry, fish, fortified cereals, beans, and dark leafy greens to support your energy levels and prevent iron deficiency.

 

Foods Rich in Folate: Foods like leafy greens, citrus fruits, beans, and fortified cereals can provide important folate, which is essential for both you and your baby.

 

Limit Processed and Junk Foods: Minimise the intake of processed foods, sugary snacks, and high-fat treats. While occasional treats are okay, focus on nourishing your body with wholesome foods.

 

Moderate Caffeine and Quit Alcohol: If you choose to consume caffeine do so in moderation. But it is a big NO for alcohol. Drinking alcohol while breastfeeding can be harmful to the baby.

 

It is important to remember that every baby is different, and feeding patterns can vary. Some babies may nurse more frequently than others, and some may have growth spurts, leading to increased feeding demands for a short period. Trusting the baby’s cues and observing the signs of adequate feeding can provide reassurance that breastfeeding is going well.

 

Likewise, breastfeeding mothers need to listen to their bodies. Every woman’s nutritional needs are different, so focus on a balanced diet that works best for you and your baby. Each mother’s breastfeeding journey is unique, and the most crucial factor is ensuring that the baby receives adequate nutrition and care as they grow and develop.